Portland Power: Bonneville Hydroelectric Dam
Saturday, November 15th, 2008
Portland is surrounded by rivers. Sure most people just think of the Willamette and the Columbia, but you’d be missing out on the extensive river systems of our part of the Pacific Northwest.
There’s the Sandy, the Clackamas, the Deschutes…and in addition to the Columbia and the Willamette, these rivers are dammed and generating electricity for the residents of Portland. Portland General Electric operates eight dams on the aforementioned rivers except for the Columbia. However, PGE does buy power from the Bonneville Power Administration, so the Bonneville Dam is one of the many dams in the Bonneville Power Administration vast collection of dams that also powers Portland.
The Bonneville Dam, or if you prefer its full name, the Bonneville Lock and Dam, was named for Captain Benjamin Bonneville, who did a lot of exploring of the American West during the early 1830’s that paved the way for the Oregon Trail migration. The Bonneville Dam is the closest major dam to Portland, situated about 40 east of the city. Beyond the Bonneville Dam is The Dalles Dam and then the John Day Dam. They are all a part of the Bonneville Power Administration, so Portland gets power from all three dams (as well as many other, see map below).

The Bonneville Dam was built in two stages. During the Great Depression, the Army Corps of Engineers was responsible for building the first dam and lock. Meanwhile, it provided a lot of jobs to people in the area, as well as producing cheap, clean electricity. This cheap electricity attracted industry, and the Pacific Northwest grew. At the time of the Lock’s completion, it was the largest single lock in the world. The second powerhouse was built in the late 1970’s and completed in 1981. Both powerhouses can generate 1,000 MW of electricity.
Of course, as we all know now, a hydroelectric dam does have its downsides. Salmon and other native fish are inevitably disturbed when a river changes its habits. Today, less than 30% of fish habitat is accessible due to the extensive damming of the Columbia.
The true cost of electric power…
Portland, power, electricity, electric generation, power plant, Bonneville Dam, Lock, Dam, Columbia, Willamette, Sandy, Deschutes, Clackamas, rivers, river system, salmon, fish, habitat, The Dalles, John Day


















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